Authors’ response to Hartwig and Davies

نویسندگان

  • From John P Kemp
  • Adrian Sayers
  • George Davey Smith
  • Jonathan H Tobias
  • David M Evans
چکیده

1. Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. ‘Mendelian randomization’: can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int J Epidemiol 2003;32:1–22. 2. Burgess S, Timpson NJ, Ebrahim S, Davey Smith G. Mendelian randomization: where are we now and where are we going? Int J Epidemiol 2015;44:379–88. 3. Haycock PC, Burgess S, Wade KH, Bowden J, Relton C, Davey Smith G. Best (but oft-forgotten) practices: the design, analysis, and interpretation of Mendelian randomization studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:965–78. 4. Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Haycock PC, Burgess S. Consistent estimation in mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator. Genet Epidemiol 2016;40:304–14. 5. Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Burgess S. Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression. Int J Epidemiol 2015;44:512–25. 6. Lango Allen H, Estrada K, Lettre G et al. Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height. Nature 2010;467:832–38. 7. Davies NM, von Hinke Kessler Scholder S, Farbmacher H, Burgess S, Windmeijer F, Davey Smith G. The many weak instruments problem and Mendelian randomization. Stat Med 2015;34:454–68. 8. Burgess S, Butterworth A, Thompson SG. Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data. Genet Epidemiol 2013;3:658–65. 9. Wood AR, Esko T, Yang J et al. Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height. Nat Genet 2014;46:1173–86. 10. Kemp JP, Sayers A, Davey Smith G, Tobias JH, Evans DM. Using Mendelian randomization to investigate a possible causal relationship between adiposity and increased bone mineral density at different skeletal sites in children. Int J Epidemiol 2016;45:1560–72. 11. Locke AE, Kahali B, Berndt SI et al. Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. Nature 2015;518:197–206. 12. Pierce BL, Burgess S. Efficient design for Mendelian randomization studies: subsample and 2-sample instrumental variable estimators. Am J Epidemiol 2013;178:1177–84. 13. Burgess S, Scott RA, Timpson NJ, Davey Smith G, Thompson SG. Using published data in Mendelian randomization: a blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors. Eur J Epidemiol 2015;30:543–52.

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Response to Hartwig and Davies

and indeed many of the other analyses reported in our paper do not suffer from potential bias due to weak instruments. Hartwig and Davies did, however, suggest that we could have used estimates from an external source to obtain less biased results in our MR-Egger analyses. Whereas we agree that this would be good practice in most situations, we do not feel that it would have been appropriate in...

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عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 45  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016